These dynamics have led the EU to paradoxically endorse ‘reform’ measures that threaten civil liberties and undermine good governance and democracy, as the cases in this country study illustrate. In response, Albanian government stakeholders tend to take (short-term) measures, which are seen as successful by the European Commission and member states, to demonstrate reform commitment on the country’s accession path. This approach enables the Commission to influence Albanian policy and expand the influence of European agencies. On the other hand, due to their internal public safety concerns or foreign policy objectives, some member states have been more reluctant to agree that Albania progresses on the accession path and towards enlargement in general. On the one hand, the European Commission tends to favour enlargement and assist the Albanian government and other institutional stakeholders to overcome obstacles to institutional reforms. In practice, however, this policy is unclear and even contradictory at times. The EU seeks to promote democratisation mainly through its conditionality policy, which seems rather straightforward: reward progress on good governance and the rule of law through progress in the accession process and punish democratic backsliding by halting the steps towards accession. 3.1Īlbania: Conditionality policy as a tool for stabilitocracyĪlban Dafa, Institute for Democracy and Mediation (IDM) Lastly, they provide suggestions for further adjustments to standing strategies and policies that could enhance the effectiveness of the EU’s democratisation and rule of law promotion efforts. The country sections reflect on how the revised accession methodology might impact and/or correct unintentional adverse effects from EU policies and thereby affect the EU’s ability to promote democracy and the rule of law. The analysis is related to the flaws in EU enlargement strategies and policy as identified in Chapter 1. The country sections focus on concrete examples of how EU influence unintentionally contributed to stabilitocracy formation and what factors determined whether the EU approach was constructive or not. The actual cost of an umbilicoplasty is dependent upon location, board certified plastic surgeon, and length and involvement of the plastic surgery.This chapter provides a country-by-country analysis of the EU’s track record on fostering democratisation in the Western Balkans. What is the average cost of an umbilicoplasty procedure?Īn umbilicoplasty can cost anywhere from $2,000 to $5,000. The results will be affected by pregnancy and significant weight gain or weight loss. The results of an umbilicoplasty will be immediately visible following the procedure and will finalize within a few days as bruising and swelling resolve. What can someone expect from the results of an umbilicoplasty procedure? Possible side effects of an umbilicoplasty include scarring, asymmetry, bruising, pain, discomfort, and prolonged swelling. What are the potential side effects of an umbilicoplasty procedure? Most candidates resume work after a day or two and exercise can resumed after two to three weeks. Most patients experience a few days of acute recovery following an umbilicoplasty, although swelling can persist for a few weeks depending on the candidate. What is the average recovery associated with an umbilicoplasty procedure? An umbilicoplasty is not recommended for those who are significantly overweight or women planning to become pregnant. The ideal candidate for an umbilicoplasty is at a healthy, stable weight and would like to change the appearance of their belly button. Who is the ideal candidate for an umbilicoplasty procedure? Mommy Makeover: For women who have developed an undesirable belly button appearance postpartum, an umbilicoplasty is a minimally invasive procedure to correct and/or restore belly button appearance.
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